镁合金在摩托车及自行车上的应用现状及前景展望

阐述了镁合金的特点,并介绍了镁合金在摩托车和自行车上的应用现状,同时对镁合金在摩托车和自行车上的应用前景进行了展望,最后指出我国镁合金在发展过程中面临的问题和机遇.     

新型高强耐磨青铜的组织与性能研究

铝青铜由于具有较高的强韧性与耐蚀性，因此，被广泛应用于国民经济的各个部门之中。但随着工业与高科技的快速发展，对性能提出了更高的要求。例如，传统的铝青铜（典型牌号ＺＱＡ１９－４），其抗拉强度约为５００ＭＰａ，很难满足重载荷下工作的零部件（如轧机轴瓦蜗轮等），加之，在润滑不良时，对轴颈有“咬卡”现象。本文在分析传统铝青铜材料组织、性能的基础上，利用计算机辅助的数量冶金学方法进行了合金的最优化设计，开发了一种性能最优的新型铝青铜材料（简称ＹＨ１合金）。该材料的强度比ＺＱＡ１９－４提高约２５％，耐磨性、塑性、韧性与切削加工性均优于ＺＱＡ１９－４，成本低廉，具有广泛的应用前景。论文还进一步分析了新材料强化的机理。     

稀土应用开发的新趋向

本文对有可能实现商品化的稀土应用开发新领域：稀土硫化物颜料、柴油发动机用催化剂、铝电解用非自耗涂层阳极、固体氧化物燃料电池、含钪Ａｌ－Ｌｉ合金等的现状和前景做了扼要介绍。小批量、多品种、高效益是稀土作为独立行业的成功之路。     

铜基块体非晶合金的研究进展

简要介绍了制备铜基块体非晶合金的各种方法，综述了铜基块体非晶合金的力学性能、耐腐蚀性能、热稳定性．分析了晶化过程的热力学行为，并对铜基块体非晶合金的发展进行了概述．     

Aluminum alloy tubular columns—Part I: Finite element modeling and test verification

A numerical investigation on fixed-ended aluminum alloy tubular columns of square and rectangular hollow sections is described in this paper. The fixed-ended column tests were conducted that included columns with both ends transversely welded to aluminum end plates using the tungsten inert gas welding method, and columns without welding of end plates. The specimens were extruded from aluminum alloy of 6061-T6 and 6063-T5. The failure modes included local buckling, flexural buckling, interaction of local and flexural buckling, as well as failure in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). An accurate finite element model (FEM) was developed. The initial local and overall geometric imperfections were incorporated in the model. The non-welded and welded material nonlinearities were considered in the analysis. The welded columns were modeled having different HAZ extension at the ends of the column of 25 and 30 mm. The nonlinear FEM was verified against experimental results. It is shown that the calibrated model provides accurate predictions of the experimental loads and failure modes of the tested columns. The load-shortening curves predicted by the finite element analysis are also compared with the test results.     

新型稀土6063铝材热加工性能研究

采用高温拉伸、高温压缩试验方法,对新型稀土6063铝合金半连续铸造锭坯材进行热变形加工性能研究。通过拉伸变形抗力、伸长率、压缩变形量、冲击速度的测量比较,以及两类试验试样的形貌、形态观察对比,确定新型稀土6063铝合金半连续铸造锭坯材最佳热挤压加工温度区间为450~480℃;实施大变形、高速挤压与在线连续淬火工艺,最佳热挤压温度区间应控制在430~480℃。     

钛合金零件成型翻边的一模三用热成型模具

针对某型号产品零件钛合金材料的强度及延伸性问题,提出一模三用的热成型模具设计方案。分析零件结构特点及材料性能,确定采用热压成型工艺方案,根据模具加热的理论依据,对模具结构进行设计,并对模具结构设计的合理性进行分析。结果表明,该设计能提高模具零件的翻面装配,降低模具成本,提高产品质量。     

机器人铅酸电池材料组织转变及电化学行为

通过对比实验方法研究了机器人铅酸电池Pb-Sb合金的胞/枝晶转变和电化学行为。采用EIS、极化曲线和等效电路分析研究了定向水冷凝固系统制备Pb-2.2%(质量分数)Sb合金试样在室温条件下H_2SO_4溶液中的腐蚀抗性。研究结果表明,胞状组织Pb-2.2%(质量分数)Sb电流密度为树枝晶组织的1/3。Pb-2.2%(质量分数)Sb合金比Pb-1%(质量分数)Sb和Pb-6.6%(质量分数)Sb合金的电流密度低,具有作为铅酸电池正极格栅的应用潜力。低冷却速率(0.6℃/s)的传统铸造工艺可获得粗的胞晶间距,从而获得良好的电化学腐蚀抗性,适用于制备Pb-2.2%(质量分数)Sb合金格栅。     

How cryogenic techniques help in machining of nickel alloys? A review

Nickel alloys are extensively used in aerospace, automotive, marine, nuclear, petro-chemical and food processing industries due to properties like high strength, resistance to heat, resistance to corrosion, etc. However, machining of these alloys pose many challenges in machining such as: work hardening, high temperatures at the cutting zone, rapid tool wear, reduced tool-life, etc. Attempts are made to overcome these challenges by using various cryogenic techniques. This paper, therefore discusses different techniques such as cryogenic cooling, cryogenic treatment of tool and simultaneous use of cryogenic cooling of tool and heating of workpiece (hybrid technique) and their effects on machinability of Nickel alloys with the help of indicators like tool-life, surface roughness, residual stresses, etc. It is concluded that cryogenic techniques are helpful in improving the machining performance by way of improvement in tool-life and surface quality. This happens due to better cooling by cryogen and improved tool properties after cryogenic treatment. However, based on the published works, it is not possible to decide about the following: correct amount of cryogen required for cooling, appropriate cryogenic tool treatment cycle to be used and the best parameters for machining of Nickel alloys. Therefore, future research should focus on these aspects.     

Effect of microwave heat treating processing on frictional behaviour of aluminium alloy 2900 composites

The sliding wear behaviour of microwave processed, SiC_p and Al₂O_3p reinforced aluminium alloy 2900 and 2024 metal matrix composites prepared by powder metallurgy method was investigated in a pin on disc system. The objective is to determine the effects of novel alloying elements of AA 2900, ceramic addition and microwave aging process on the strength to tribological properties. This composite is evaluated to be an effective replacement for conventionally available AA 2024 composites in brake applications. Compared to conventional heat treating processes, microwave processing used for heat treating the samples is observed to be novel method in improving the strength–microstructural–tribological properties. AA 2900 with 6 wt-% Al₂O₃ exhibited good strength to microstructure relationship with excellent wear characteristics compared to AA 2024 composites which are governed by alloying elements in AA 2900. 2 H aged AA 2900 with 6 wt-% Al₂O₃ sample exhibited good frictional coefficient values with good density and strength characteristics. Hence, it is observed that alloying elements in AA 2900 and microwave processing have enhanced the strength to tribological behaviour where the property enhancement is achieved only through ceramic reinforcements.